Sweet Receptor Pathway

Sweet Receptor Pathway

To depolarize the cell, and ultimately generate a response, the body uses a different taste receptor pathway for each taste—sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami, etc. (Umami is the taste of certain amino acids typified by monosodium glutamate.) Incoming sweet molecules bind to their receptors, which causes a conformational change in the molecule. This change activates the G-Protein, gustadin, which in turn activates adenylate cyclase. Adenylate Cyclase catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP. The cAMP molecule then activates a protein kinase, which in turn phosphorylates and closes a potassium ion channel. The excess potassium ions increase the positive charge within the cell causing voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open, further depolarizing the cell. The increase in calcium ultimately causes neuotransmitter release, which is then received by a primary afferent neuron.





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